Taurintartalom meghatározása energiaitalokban és étrendkiegészítőkben HPLC-MS/MSműszerkapcsolással = Determination of the taurine content of energy drinks and dietary supplements using HPLC-MS/MS

Napjainkban a kevés alvásnak, a rohanó életmódnak, a sok stressznek és a vitaminhiánynak köszönhetően az emberek kimerültebbek és fáradtabbak. Ez is az egyik oka az energiaitalok egyre nagyobb népszerűségének. Míg kifejlesztésének kezdetén csak patikában lehetett hozzájutni kis mennyiségekben, manapság akár 2 literes kiszerelésekkel is találkozhatunk a boltok polcain. Mivel a termékekben lévő hatóanyagok mennyisége és a kiszerelés mérete sokszor nincs összhangban, ezen adalékanyagok túlzott bevitele akár mindennapos is lehet. Ez hosszú távon mindenképp ártalmas az egészségre, de akár az egyszeri túladagolás is okozhat panaszokat. Az energiaitalokban a koffein mellett a taurin a leggyakoribb hatóanyag, amely - bár megtalálható a szervezetben - túlzott fogyasztása káros lehet az egészségre. Annak érdekében, hogy figyelemmel tudjuk kísérni a termékek taurintartalmát, olyan módszert kellett kifejleszteni, amellyel nagy mintamennyiség esetén is gyors és pontos méréseket végezhetünk. Ehhez HPLC-MS/MS műszerkapcsolás nyújtott segítséget. Nowadays, due to the lack of sleep, a hectic lifestyle, lots of stress and vitamin deficiency, people are more and more exhausted and tired. This is one of the reasons of the increasing popularity of energy drinks. While at the early stage of their development, only small amounts could be bought in pharmacies, today even 2-liter bottles are available on the shelves of supermarkets. Since it is often the case that the amount of active ingredients in the prodcuts is inconsistent with the package size, therefore, excessive intake of these additives can be an everyday occurrence. This is definitely harmeful to one’s health in the long run, but even a single overdose can have adverse effects. The most common active ingredient in energy drinks, in addition to caffeine, is taurine whose excessive intake – even though it is found in the body – can have harmful effects. In order to be able to monitor the taurine content of diferent products, a method had to be developed that is suitable for performing fast and accurate analyses, even in case of large sample numbers. This was achieved using HPLC-MS/MS

EFFICIENCY OF SEPARATION OF LOW CONCENTRATION GASEOUS COMPONENTS BY COUNTER FLOW WASHING

From the point of view of environmental protection, it is important to lower the sulphur dioxide emission of electric power plants and other industrial establishments. In our study, we have examined the factors affecting the efficiency of separating a given 'A' component from the gas phase, in the case of physical and chemical absorption techniques. We compared our conclusions with data obtained on a semi- industrial scale

Molecular cytogenetic identification and phenotypic description of a new synthetic amphiploid, Triticum timococcum (AtAtGGAmAm)

A recently developed synthetic amphiploid, Triticum timococcum Kost., nom. nud. (2n = 6x = 42, AtAtGGAmAm) is described in the present study. This hexaploid taxon was developed by colchicine treatment in Martonva´sa´r from the hybrid of a selected accession of Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. (2n = 4x = 28, AtAtGG) and a prebred semi-dwarf line of Triticum monococcum L. (2n = 2x = 14, AmAm). A detailed cytomolecular examination was carried out using the sequential multicolour fluorescence and genomic in situ hybridization techniques (FISH and mcGISH). It was proved that T. timococcum has 42 chromosomes originating from its parents. The chromosomes of the A genomes of T. monococcum and T. timopheevii could be distinguished in the amphiploid using FISH. The successful discrimination of the chromosomes was supported by the karyotypes of the three genomes and the successful optimization of the mcGISH technique for the A and G chromosomes achieved in the present study. A phenotypic evaluation was also carried out under natural and artificial growing conditions in 2012 and 2013. Based on the results, T. timococcum has intermediate characteristics in terms of spike (spikelet) shape and plant height, while it is similar to the female parent, T. timopheevii regarding pubescence. Like its parents, T. timococcum showed outstanding resistance to the main fungal diseases of wheat. T. timococcum headed later and developed longer and looser spikes, fewer tillers and only a third as many seeds than its parents. The third generation of T. timococcum was able to develop an acceptable number of seeds, even taking into account the reduced germination ability in the field

Molecular cytogenetic identification and phenotypic description of a new synthetic amphiploid, Triticum timococcum (A(t)A(t)GGA(m)A(m))

A recently developed synthetic amphiploid, Triticum timococcum Kost., nom. nud. (2n = 6x = 42, AtAtGGAmAm) is described in the present study. This hexaploid taxon was developed by colchicine treatment in Martonva´sa´r from the hybrid of a selected accession of Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. (2n = 4x = 28, AtAtGG) and a prebred semi-dwarf line of Triticum monococcum L. (2n = 2x = 14, AmAm). A detailed cytomolecular examination was carried out using the sequential multicolour fluorescence and genomic in situ hybridization techniques (FISH and mcGISH). It was proved that T. timococcum has 42 chromosomes originating from its parents. The chromosomes of the A genomes of T. monococcum and T. timopheevii could be distinguished in the amphiploid using FISH. The successful discrimination of the chromosomes was supported by the karyotypes of the three genomes and the successful optimization of the mcGISH technique for the A and G chromosomes achieved in the present study. A phenotypic evaluation was also carried out under natural and artificial growing conditions in 2012 and 2013. Based on the results, T. timococcum has intermediate characteristics in terms of spike (spikelet) shape and plant height, while it is similar to the female parent, T. timopheevii regarding pubescence. Like its parents, T. timococcum showed outstanding resistance to the main fungal diseases of wheat. T. timococcum headed later and developed longer and looser spikes, fewer tillers and only a third as many seeds than its parents. The third generation of T. timococcum was able to develop an acceptable number of seeds, even taking into account the reduced germination ability in the field

Indukált pluripotens őssejtek szerepe a neurológiai betegségek modellezésében

The longitudinal follow-up of the development and course of central nervous system related diseases on a molecular level was unsolved for decades. Direct examination of the pathological state on organ or tissue levels was feasible in the late stage of the disease. Modeling diseases has an important role in studying the pathophysiological mechanism underlying central nervous system disorders but animals used as model organism due to species specific nervous system differences can lead to less valid conclusions in translational research. The model of induced pluripotent stem cells may help to solve partially these types of problems. In recent years this model had a strong effect on understanding the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. Although induced pluripotent stem cells have a low impact on clinical research studies, they have a prominent role in the field of cell physiology and molecular biology research. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(26), 1035-1039